Figure 1.

Cuticle surfaces of sawfly larvae by SEM. Easy bleeders are A. rosae (a, b) and M. monticola (d). Non-easy bleeders are C. septentrionalis (c), H. australis (e), N. miliaris (f), P. parvula (g) and G. hercyniae (h). The dorso-lateral part of the abdomens is shown. Detailed view showing spider-like microstructures (b). Views showing blister-like swellings (c, e to g) or setae (h).